Truck side frame



y 6, 1933. F. B. ERNST TRUCK SIDE FRAME Filed Oct. 11, 1928 -strikes orrounds a curve.

especially sever if the spring plank connecting the two side frames isriveted Patented May 16, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

FRITZ B. ERNST, O1 CHICAGO,

OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS, A

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO STEEL FOUNDRIES,

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY TRUCK SIDE FRAME Application fled October 11,1928. Serial 110. 811,801.

The side frame also receives a transverse load delivered in the natureof shocks or blows occasioned by the longitudinal shifting ofthe truckbolsters which delivers the shocks or blows to the side frame throughthe columns of the bolster and of the side frames.

The side' frame 'is also subjected to a twisting or torsional load whenthe car This load is securely thereto.

In cast or integral side frames in which all the various members of theframe are joined rigidly, the various direct loads which produce directstresses also produce secondary or -induced stresses. At some points onthe casting, the'secondary stresses are greater or more serious than theprimary stresses. Some of the portions ofthe casting are subject to twoprimary stresses and in addition several secondary stresses. In

adding various stresses algebraically, it is found that at severalpoints in the frame all the stresses which localize at these pointshappen to be plus or tension stresses with no corresponding minus orcompression stresses to lower the average.

One object of the invention is to provide a truck si'le frame in whichthe stresses are more evenly distributed and balanced in the generaltype of side frame herein disclosed,

and whereby such side frame is materially strengthened at criticalpoints without apprreciably increasing the weight of the ame. Anotherobject is to provide an integrally formed truck side frame adapted tomeet the various requirements under severe service conditions. I

These and other objects are. accomplished by means of the truck sideframe disclosed by}; tll11e accompanying sheet of'drawing, in W 1CFigure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a truck side frame embodyingmy invention Figure 2 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of the same sideframe;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken in the plane of line 3-3 of Figure 1;and

Figure 4 is a. sectional'view ta-kenvin the 7 plane of line 44 of Figure1.

The various novel features of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description and drawing and will be particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

Referring to the figures of the drawing, it will be noted that the sideframe disclosed includes a compression member 10 which extends from oneend of'the frame to the other and terminates in an integrally formedjournal box 11. The tension member includes a horizontally extendingportion 12-between the columns 13 and an inclined portion 14 extendingupwardly and outwardly from the columns to a polnt of juncture with thecompression member 10 .at the associated journal box 11.

Generally speaking, that portion 12 of the tension member between thecolumns 13 is box shaped in section, as shown in Figure 3, and thatportion of the tension member 14 intermediate the columns and thejournal boxes is channel shaped in section, as shown in Figure 4, withthe web 15 being at the under side. I

The side frame is integrally formed, that is, the tension andcompression members and columns 13 are cast in a single piece. In thisparticular instance, the joprnal boxes 1.1 are also cast integrally withthe side rame.

The various stresses and strains set up in an integrally formed sideframe are considered in detail in the Floyd Patent No. 1,364,491, and itwill therefore unneces sary to describe in detail just what the stressesand strains are. It will be sufficient to state that the bending andtension stresses ordinarily would be greatest and excessive at the underside of the tension member portion 12 between the columns 13. and at theupper side of the tension member portions 14 directly outwardly from thecolumns, and also at the under side of the tension member directlyinwardly from the journal boxes 11". In this particular instance, thestresses developed at either side of the columns are of particuarinterest. The tension and compression members merge adjacent their endsand are provided with the journal boxes 11, brace members or gussets 15abeing disposed to merge with the journal boxes and tension member inSubstantial alignment with the lower web 15 of said tension member;Spaced gussets 15b are arranged in parallel relation to each other belowsaid tension member and merge into said journal boxes and web 15 thusforming a rigid and strong construction.

In order to distribute the tension stresses in the tension member in amanner to reduce the bending stresses at the points mentioned, the web15 of the tension member at a point outwardly from the columns is formedor branched into two webs, one being the main web 16 and the other beingthe auxiliary web 17. The main web 16 of the tension member may beconsidered to be a direct continuation of the web 15. The web 16 as itcontinues from the web 15 swings vertically downwardly and then curvesinto a horizontal position as the web portion 18 between the columns 13.The

' auxiliary web 17 at the point 19 branches from the main web 15 andextends diagonally downwardly throu h theassociated column 13 andemerges rom the inner side thereof and continues to extend downwardlyand inwardly to form an angular portion 20 in the lower corners formedby the columns 13 and the tension member portion 12. Said web 17 tapersinto the upper surface or spring seat portion 21 of the tension member12 between the columns.

The triangular portion 20 referred to includes not only the web 17 butalso vertical flanges 22 which connect the web 17 with the spring seatportion 21 and with the inner walls of the columns 13.

In this way, the various parts of the tension member and columns aretied together in a manner to properly distribute the tension stresses inthe tension member and to reduce the bending stresses at the pointsmentioned.

By this arrangement, the objects of the invention are accomplished.

It is my intention to cover all modifications of the invention fallingwithin the spirit and scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A truck side frame including tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side ofeach of the columns, said tension member being channel shaped in sectionand having its web branch into two webs, one of which extends throughthe associated column and continues into the spring seat portion of thetension member between said columns to distribute the tension stressesin the tension member in a manner to reduce the bending stresses at thepoints mentioned.

2. A truck side frame including tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side ofeach of the columns, said tension member being channel shaped in sectionand having its web branch into two webs, one of which extends throughthe associated column and tapers. into the spring seat portion of thetension member between said columns to distribute the tension stressesin the tension member in a manner to reduce the bending stresses at thepoints mentioned.

3. A truck side frame including tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side ofeach of the columns, said tension member being channel shaped in sectionand having its web at the under side, said web branching into two webs,one of which extends through the associated column and continues intothe spring seat portion of the tension member between said columns todistribute the tension stresses in the tension member in a manner toreduce the bending stresses at the points mentioned.

4. A truck side frame including tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side ofeach of the columns, said tension member being channel shaped insection'and having its web at the lower side, said web branching intotwo webs, one of which extends diagonally through the associated columnand tapers into the spring seat portion of the tension member todistribute the tension stresses in the tension member in a manner toreduce the bending stresses at the points mentioned.

5. A truck side frame including. tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side ofeach of the columns, said tension member being channel shaped in sectionand having its web at the under side of said tension member,- said webbranching into two webs, one of which extends from the under side ofsaidtension member from a point outwardly of" the associated columndiagonally through said column and terminates in the upper side ofthetension member between said columns to distribute the tensionstresses in the tension member in a manner to reduce the bendingstresses at the points mentioned.

6. In a side frame, the combination of a tension member having a web, acompres sion member and a column member, all.

integral, a spring seat member integral" with said tension and columnmembers, said spring seat member having a web merging into said firstnamed web at a point between said column member and the junction of saidtension and compression members, said first named web intersecting saidcolumn member. 7

8. In a side frame, the combination of a tension member, a compressionmember and a column member, all cast integral, a spring seat memberintegral with said tension and column members, said tension memberhaving a lower web member which intersects said column member and mergesinto said spring seat member.

,9. In a side frame, the combination of a tension member, a compressionmember and a column member, all cast integral, a spring seat memberintegral with said tension and column members and having a seat portion,said tension member having a Web having main and auxiliary portions, oneof said portions intersecting said column member and merging into a partof said spring seat portion and another of said portions merging into apart of said spring seat member spaced from said seat portion. 10. Aside frame comprising a member formed with a tension and a compressionmember having columns therebetween, said tension member including aspring seat member forming a bolster opening with said columns andcompression member,

said tension member having a lower web including a portion diagonallydisposed in said opening and intersecting with a column and merging intosaid spring seat member.

11. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension andacompression column and merging with the spring seatmember.

12. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compresssion member, said tension member having a lower Webincluding a portion diagonally disposed in said opening and terminatingin said spring seat member.

13. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and con'ipressio'n member, said tension member having a webbranching to provide main and auxiliary portions merging withsaid springseat member, one of said portions lncludmg a part disposed .111

said opening.

14. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension member having a webbranching to provide main and auxiliary portions substantially normal toone another and merging with said spring seat member, one of saidportions including a part dlsposed in said openin 15. A side framecomprising a member formed with a tension and a compression memberhaving columns therebetween, said tension member including a spring seatmember forming a bolster opening with said columns and compressionmember, said tension member having a eb branching to provide main andauxiliary portions merging with said spring seat member, one of saidportions including a part diagonally disposed in said opening. 7

16. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding aspring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension member'having a webbranching to provide. main and auxiliary portions merging with saidspring seat member, one of said portions intersecting a (011mm above thebase of said column.

17. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming abolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension member having a webbranching to provide main and auxiliary portions merging with saidspring seat member, one of said portions intersecting a column above thebase of said column, and having a part diagonally disposed in saidopening.

18. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having (OlllIIlIlS therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said spring seat member including aspring seat portion, said tension member having a web branching toprovide main and auxiliary portions, one of said portions including apart merging with and terminating in said spring seat portion in spacedrelation with a column, and the other of said portions merging with saidspring seat member and in spaced relation with said spring seat portion,said spring seat portion being below the plane of the first namedportion.

19. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member .forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said spring seat member including aspring. seat portion, said tension member having a web branching toprovide main and auxiliary portions, one of said portions including apart merging with and terminating in said spring seat portion in spacedrelation with.

a column, said part being diagonally disposed in said opening, and theother of said portions merging with said spring seat member and inspaced relation with said spring seat portion.

20. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said spring seat member including aspring seat portion, said tension member having a web branching toprovide main and auxiliary portions, one of said portions intersecting acolumn and including a part diagonally disposed in said opening andmerging in said spring seat portion, and the other of said portionsmerging with said spring seat member and in spaced relation with saidspring seat portion.

21. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said spring seat member including aspring seat portion and lower webs, said tension member having a webbranching to provide a main .and auxiliary portions, said main portionintersecting a column and having a part merging with said spring seatportion in spaced relation to said column, and said auxiliary portionsmerging with said lower webs.

22. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said spring seat member including aspring seat portion and lower webs, said tension member having a bottomweb branching to provide a main and auxiliary portions, said mainportion intersecting a column and having a part merging with said springseat portion in spaced relation to said column, and said auxiliaryportions merging with said lower webs.

23. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension andacompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension member having a lower webintersecting a column, and a member extending between said column andspring seat member.

24. A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension and compression membersmerging into a portion provided with a journal box, said tension memberhaving a web merging into a corner of said journal box and intersectingone of said columns above the base of said column and extending to andmerging into said spring seat member, and a brace member disposed belowsaid tension member and merglng into said journal box and tensionmember.

25. A side frame comprising a 'member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension and compression membersmerging into a portion provided with a journal box, one of said firstnamed members having a web merging into a corner of said journal box andintersecting one of said columns above the base of said column andextending to and merging into said spring seat member, brace membersdisposed between said tension member and journal box and merging intosaid tension member and journal box in substantial alignment with saidlast named web, and spaced brace members disposed in parallel relationto each other and below said tension member and merging int? saidjournal box and said last named we 26. A side frame comprising a memberformed with a tension and a compression member having columnstherebetween, said tension member including a spring seat member forminga bolster opening with said columns and compression member, said tensionand compression members merging into a portion provided with a journalbox, one of said first named members having a lower web merging into acorner of said journal box and intersecting one of said columns abovethe base of said column and extending to and merging into said springseat member.

27 A side frame comprising a member formed with a tension and acompression member having columns therebetween, said tension memberincluding a spring seat member forming a bolster opening with saidcolumns and compression member, said tension and compression members mer'ng into a portion provided with a journal ox,.said

tension member havin a lower web merging into a corner of sai journalbox and intersecting one of said columns above the base of said columnand extending to and merging into said spring seat member.

28. A truck side frame including tension and compression members andcolumns all cast in a single piece whereby and wherein bending stressesordinarily would be greatest and excessive at points on either side of49 each of the columns, said-tension member having a web portiondividing adjacent said columns into web portions, one of said webportions extending through the associated column and continuing into thespring seat portion of the tension member and integral therewith todistribute the tension stresses in the tension member in a manner toreduce the bending stresses at the points mentioned. Si ed at Chicago,Illinois, this 4th day of 50 Octo er, 1928.

, FRITZ B. ERNST.

